# DBT JRF 2020 — Question 48

Exam: DBT JRF 2020 · Section: B · Topic: Biotechnology · Difficulty: Hard

## Question

Which of the following is NOT used as a biopesticide?

## Options

- **A.** Bacillus thuringiensis
- **B.** Xanthomonas campestris
- **C.** Trichoderma harzianum
- **D.** Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus

## Answer

Option B

## Explanation

Protein glycosylation occurs in two compartments: (1) Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): N-linked glycosylation — a pre-assembled 14-sugar oligosaccharide ( $\text{Glc}_3\text{Man}_9\text{GlcNAc}_2$ ) is transferred en bloc from a dolichol-PP carrier to the amide nitrogen of Asn in the sequon Asn-X-Ser/Thr (where X $\neq$ Pro) by oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex. This is co-translational (occurs as the protein enters the ER lumen). Trimming by glucosidases and mannosidases also begins in ER. (2) Golgi apparatus: O-linked glycosylation — sugars added one at a time by specific glycosyltransferases to the hydroxyl group of Ser or Thr (no sequon required). Further processing/modification of N-linked glycans also occurs in Golgi (conversion of high-mannose to complex type). Lysosomes and mitochondria are NOT sites of glycosylation.

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