# DBT JRF 2022 — Question 56

Exam: DBT JRF 2022 · Section: B · Topic: Microbiology › Bacteriology - Chlamydia & Antibiotics · Difficulty: Medium

## Question

Which one of the following is the drug of choice for sexually transmitted diseases urethritis and cervicitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis?

## Options

- **A.** Ampicillin
- **B.** Ciprofloxacin
- **C.** Rifampin
- **D.** Azithromycin

## Answer

Option D

## Explanation

First-line treatment for Chlamydia trachomatis: Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular bacterium. Being intracellular, treatment must use antibiotics that penetrate cells. First-line treatments (CDC guidelines): • Azithromycin (single 1g oral dose): macrolide antibiotic; concentrates intracellularly; excellent for single-dose compliance. • Doxycycline (100 mg BID for 7 days): tetracycline; penetrates intracellularly; effective and inexpensive. Chlamydia has no peptidoglycan cell wall → beta-lactam antibiotics (ampicillin, penicillin) are INEFFECTIVE (no target for their mechanism of action). Other antibiotics: Levofloxacin and erythromycin are alternatives but not first-line. Answer: Azithromycin (single dose) or Doxycycline (7 days).

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