Nod gene products:
Nod gene products:
Select an option to attempt
Correct Answer: Option A
Explanation
NodD protein in Rhizobium-legume symbiosis:The Rhizobium-legume symbiosis establishes nitrogen-fixing root nodules:1. Legume roots secrete flavonoids (e.g., luteolin, naringenin) as chemical signals.2. NodD protein: a LysR-family transcriptional regulator in Rhizobium that acts as a receptor for plant-secreted flavonoids. When flavonoids bind NodD, it undergoes a conformational change and becomes a TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATOR.3. Activated NodD binds to nod boxes (conserved promoter sequences) upstream of other nod genes.4. Activates expression of NodA, NodB, NodC, etc. → synthesis of Nod factors (lipochitooligosaccharides).5. Nod factors signal back to the legume root → curling of root hair → infection thread formation → nodule organogenesis.Answer: NodD is a transcriptional activator and flavonoid receptor that activates nod gene expression in Rhizobium.