A set of closely linked genetic markers present on a single chromosome, which are not easily separable by recombination and tend to be inherited…
A set of closely linked genetic markers present on a single chromosome, which are not easily separable by recombination and tend to be inherited together are termed as
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Correct Answer: Option B
Explanation
A haplotype is a set of closely linked genetic markers (SNPs, microsatellites) located on a single chromosome, inherited together as a unit with minimal recombination between them. The HapMap Project characterised haplotype blocks across the human genome — segments of tight linkage disequilibrium (LD) separated by recombination hotspots. Because markers within a haplotype block are not easily separated, genotyping a subset of tag SNPs can predict the genotype of all other SNPs in the block. This enables genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to be performed efficiently with fewer markers. The term derives from 'haploid' + 'genotype.' Common haplotype systems: MHC/HLA haplotypes (highly polymorphic, mediate transplant compatibility); mitochondrial haplotypes (matrilineal ancestry); Y-chromosome haplotypes (patrilineal).